Archive for January, 2011

Erectile dysfunction, also commonly known as ED, is described as the inability to achieve or maintain an erection during the act of sexual intercourse. In the United States, ED affects one in five men, and more and more research is being published today identifying key causes in ED. Traditionally, ED was thought to be an issue of the metabolic system, and was linked to the cardiovascular system. As more research comes to light however, studies are showing consistently that lifestyle factors such as smoking and substance abuse are the leading causes in more than 25% of cases involving erectile dysfunction.

When it comes to the main problem of ED, getting or maintaining an erection, a healthy blood flow is crucial. In order for the penis to even become erect, blood flow through its major arteries is necessary. Any process or experience that interferes with blood flow in your body then, will also interfere with blood flow to the penis, and you may experience some issues with ED. While it is fairly common knowledge that smoking is an unhealthy lifestyle choice, that it creates obvious harm to your lungs and respiratory system, you may not be aware of its effect on your cardiovascular system.

Chemicals like carbon monoxide found in cigarettes can be extremely detrimental to your cardiovascular system. When you smoke a cigarette, the carbon monoxide in your cigarette will bind with the hemoglobin in your blood. Hemoglobin is an essential blood component that is responsible for oxygenating your blood to full capacity. With lower hemoglobin counts, your blood is not oxygenated properly, and can not function properly. Thus, blood flow slows down, and in some areas of your body, may stop all together, at least temporarily.

When you factor in the arteries in your penis that need to be filled with healthy oxygenated blood in order to function properly, smoking creates a problem. When your blood is not oxygenated properly, your arteries will weaken by hardening and this will immediately reduce blood flow in all necessary areas, particularly in the genital region. Thus you can see how smoking could directly contribute to erectile dysfunction. If you are also thinking about building or extending your family, smoking will be one of the first things you want to eliminate from your life, as smoking will also contribute to low sperm motility, increased mortality of your sperm, and even lower sperm counts.

For many men, the easiest answer to curing ED is to start treatment such as Viagra. While these medications are very effective in dealing with ED, the simple answer is that ED that is caused by smoking may not always be cured with Viagra. The situation is further complicated if you have extraneous conditions such as heart disease or diabetes. Thus, if you are a smoker, and struggling with ED, your best bet for ED treatment is to first quit smoking, and then try medication like Viagra. While this may seem like a great sacrifice to you at first, when you consider the sacrifice you will alternatively make with a less than stellar sex life, it is up to you to decide which is more important to maintaining a healthy and satisfactory quality of life. Is smoking really worth it?



Drug rehabilitation centers play a phenomenal role in putting drug battered lives back on track. The belief of ‘once an addict, always an addict’ changed once these centers chipped in with their contributions.

Drug rehabilitation centers are a world in themselves. These centers are usually situated in places which offer the maximum peace and tranquility to the potentially explosive drug addicts. Counselors, physiotherapists, medical and supportive staff employed there are carefully chosen and trained to impart love and care to the inmates.

In-house and out-house treatments are offered by most rehabilitation centers. Somebody who wishes to enroll a beloved in can approach these centers, who always keep the information about their patients confidential. Most de-addiction centers offer treatment for alcohol addiction too.

In addition to the treatment for drug abuse, the drug rehabilitation programs factor in the character distortions like sex addiction which sometimes come along with substance abuse. In-house treatments are found to be more effective since the patient gets the opportunity to always live in a healthy and understanding atmosphere till he is free of the drug vice. The physical, mental, social and spiritual requirements of the patients are taken care of, and any character traits that hinder the development of any of these faculties are treated and cured. Some centers allow one or two close family members or friends to stay inside the premises to help in times of need.

High-tech facilities for yoga, massages, exercises, games, swimming, cycling etc are provided by most rehabilitation centers. These physical activities are meant to cleanse the body of the harmful chemicals generated in the brain due to the regular use of drugs. Once it is felt the body is cured of any after effects and relapses, the patient is made to undergo different therapies to make him or her mentally strong. Counselors talk to them and impart self confidence in them. No chemical drugs are used in any of these stages.

Vitamin B12 is part of the vitamin B complex, it is involved in the repair of tissue and cells and the normal formation of red blood cells. Like with all vitamins, it is extremely important to avoid a deficiency, as it could lead to serious health problems. In order to determine if you are indeed having low levels of B12, you’ll need to undergo vitamin B12 deficiency testing. Read on to learn more about it.

A deficiency can be easily observer during a common Complete Blood Count (CBC) test; this test will put in evidence a certain degree of anemia and enlarged red blood cells. From there, you’ll need a laboratory test to gather more information about the vitamin b 12 deficiency, including the severity, the cause and in later stages, the progress of the treatment. The laboratory tests for diagnosis include:

CBC. It is comprised of a series of tests to check the state of blood cells. As I said above, this test ordered commonly on routine check-ups will help you spot any abnormalities – in this case it would be enlarged red blood cells.

Folate. Doctors may indicate a test to check the levels of serum or RBC folate. If results indicate low levels, you are suffering from a deficiency; on the other hand normal levels still don’t discard the presence of a deficiency.

B12. This test indicates the deficiency, but not the cause. If normal levels are present, we have to discard a folate deficiency through other testing method.

Now, you’ll need a vitamin b12 deficiency test to determine the cause of your problems; these tests include:

Intrinsic Factor Binding Antibody. This is a specialized lab test, which might indicate a presence in those with pernicious anemia.

Intrinsic Factor Blocking Antibody. It helps determining the presence of a protein which doesn’t allow the B12 to bind to intrinsic factor.

Parietal Cell Antibody.

Multiple sclerosis is a health condition that impacts the functioning of the central nervous system. This system consists of numerous nerves that perform the function of informational system in the body, linking all the parts and organs with the brain. Multiple sclerosis affects the myelin sheath – the substance surrounding and protecting the nerves – which leads to partial or complete blockage of signal transmission in the affected area.

Women are known to be more susceptible to multiple sclerosis then men and the most common age for the development of this condition is between 20 and 40 years old, however it can happen to anyone at any age. The name sclerosis comes from the fact that this condition lids to formation of scars (scleroses) on the sensitive substance surrounding the nerves. And due to the fact that this condition affects nervous tissue in the brain, the spinal chord and throughout the body the symptoms are varied and can manifest in different forms. It usually depends on the actual region affected by the condition. In general the symptoms are described as the inability to control a certain part of the body, involuntary movement of limbs, inability to concentrate, vision problems, difficulty swallowing, lack of balance and coordination, abnormal sensations, muscle dysfunctions, depression, inability to move, muscular and neurological pain, etc. If the condition is left untreated, inflammation takes place and ultimately destroys myelin by making the body’s own immune cells impact the affected nervous tissue.

The main problem with multiple sclerosis is that it’s difficult to diagnose at earlier stages, when it’s easier to treat the condition. Drugs can lower the intensity of attacks and slow down the development of the condition, but it’s generally impossible to reverse it effects completely. Any treatment of multiple sclerosis is aimed at decreasing the intensity of symptoms and improving the quality of life in the patient. However, some patients chose to be left untreated since certain medications can deliver undesired side effects and make the overall condition worse.

The most commonly prescribed treatment options are Interferon beta-1b (Betaseron) and interferon beta-1a (Avonex, Rebif), which are synthetic copies of natural proteins that are produced in the body to regulate functions of the immune system and fighting viral infections. Glatiramer is synthetic drug comprised of special amino acids that makes the immune system cells act as anti-inflammatory agents and prevents the damage to the nervous tissue. Natalizumab (Tysabri) is a medication that prevents the immune cells from entering into the brain through bloodstream thus reducing their impact on the damaged nerve cells.

Muscle relaxants such as Baclofen and Zanaflex help control the symptoms of multiple sclerosis, which are commonly described by muscle spastic conditions. Many patients report having muscle spasms, stiffening, unusual sensations, numbness and other unpleasant or painful sensations due to multiple sclerosis. Baclofen and other muscle relaxants help in decreasing the intensity of these symptoms and concentrate on the actual treatment of the condition.

If you suspect having multiple sclerosis don’t hesitate to visit your doctor. The sooner you get diagnosed and start your treatment the more effective it will be, so don’t lay it off and speak to your physicians as soon as you start feeling the symptoms of multiple sclerosis.

Men are always concerned about their intimate abilities and the way they perform in bed. However, when there are problems in this domain, the vast majority of men tend to conceal them because it is considered unmanly to have problems with erection. Sure, this sounds quite silly these days as men still tend to discuss these matters with their doctors, but in the earlier days it was quite a problem since impotence could lead to loss of social status (like a throne in a kingdom). Too bad they didn’t have Viagra spam back in that time. Or did they?

People believed in magical spells and potions before the advent of modern medicine, and you will be surprised to learn that a large part of these spells and preparations were aimed at eliminating impotence and improving current sexual abilities of the ritual’s subject. Of course, these rituals were secret and performed under the veil of secrecy. But it doesn’t change the fact that even kings and emperors were fascinated with these practices as they were looking for effective ways to improve their sexual abilities or prevent impotence. And you can imagine how many crooks and fake specialists have roamed the roads between kingdoms, providing something that you get in your spam folder every time you check the email.

Sure, we are more open to discussing our health problems than people of the past, but still when it comes to intimate problems not all of us will admit that a little help is needed. That’s why there are so many people becoming victims of Viagra spam these days. Sure you have observed the titles in the typical spam letters: if they aren’t about the money you have supposedly won then it’s about getting a bigger penis or buying Viagra at a very low price. And the fact that it’s convenient and anonymous to get drugs through the Internet, this form of spam doesn’t fade out even after years it has been jamming the mailboxes all over the world.

Most of the spam mails about the Blue Pill are nothing but a scam. These are the so-called phishing emails that provide specific links to sites where “the prices are really low” but when you enter your personal and credit information you simply get robbed and do not get any products in exchange. Such sites can also carry viruses and other malicious software that will damage your computer and steal your personal data – a typical kit for cyber criminals. As you see, despite the fact that technologies have changed, we are dealing with the same crooks that promise us things and simply rob us using our trust.

Still there are a lot of sites selling drugs that aren’t linked to spam. Do not confuse legal online stores and the links you get in your mail box marked as spam. The main reason for this form of cyber criminal activity is that Viagra is the most popular drug sold online and criminals are taking advantage of it. The only solution to this is to ignore any spam you get and buy your drugs from verified online vendors. Even if the spam mail promises a price twice as low as the official – it’s the main tool for attracting your attention and getting you to click on the link in the email.

Unfortunately for millions of Americans, chronic pain is a fact of daily life. For many people that are suffering from chronic conditions such as arthritis, fibromyalgia, or any number of illnesses, chronic pain is a factor that takes hold of someone’s quality of life. And it is debilitating. If you are suffering from chronic pain, then you know the struggles and challenges that come with coping with pain. Your every daily activity must be balanced and scheduled carefully so that you can ensure that your daily pain is minimized. Although some conditions are not curable, today’s medical advances have proven enough to suggest that you don’t have to suffer all of the time. Today there are many things you can do to ease your chronic pain, that go beyond the pill bottle.

The first thing you can do if you are struggling with pain is to begin mitigating the stress that is in your life. Try and alleviate as much stress as you can, and incorporate things into your life that will relieve stress. The more relaxing activities that you can engage in, the lower your stress levels and the lower your pain levels as well. You will find as well that if you can engage in activities that relieve both your pain and your stress at the same time, that you will feel better for hours to come. For example, if you are suffering from osteoarthritis and have chronic joint pain, scheduling a weekly massage or a weekly Jacuzzi visit at a local spa or health center will do a world of good for both your mind AND your body.

Exercise is also a wonderful way to alleviate chronic pain. When you exercise to the point of raising your heart rate, even just by a little, endorphins are released by your brain, and these hormones act as natural pain killers. Though your pain may cause you to feel like limiting your daily activities, this is the last thing that you should do. Not only will you release pain relieving endorphins during exercise, but you will also sleep better, and maintain healthy heart and weight goals as well. If you don’t already exercise regularly, start light with just a little bit of extra walking every day, and gradually build from there. As you implement more exercise into your daily activities, you will find you are sleeping better and experiencing less pain overall.

Lastly, your pain management routine must be clearly discussed with your doctor. If chronic pain is debilitating your life, you want to try every avenue until you find the solution that best meets your needs. This doesn’t always come in the form of narcotic pain relievers, either. Today, more and more patients are experiencing the powerful analgesic benefits of Prednisone. Prednisone is a very effective medication for people dealing with chronic pain conditions that are caused by inflammation and stiffness. Prednisone is a prescription medication that is non-narcotic, and is a steroid that works to increase muscle performance and decrease chronic pain. If you are at the point where you feel you’ve tried everything, talk to your doctor to see if steroids or corticosteroids would work for you. The bottom line is, you don’t have to suffer, help is available and your fantastic life is just around the corner.

According to Bob Dylan in 1964, The Times, They Are-a-Changin’. Looking back at the 1960s, it was very innocent, but some important markers were laid down that have slowly build into our modern society. This included the recognition there were times when individual liberty had to be sacrificed for the greater good. A surprising number of people were driving around without any insurance and, when the inevitable accidents occurred, there was no money to pay for the injured to be repaired in hospitals. As more cars were coming on to the roads, all but three states decided to make holding a basic liability policy mandatory. For the record, this is not quite the same as the recent healthcare reforms. In most towns and cities, whether you drive or rely on public transport is a free decision. Deciding to drive is subject to the condition on insurance. Individual liberty is not a freedom to injure someone, and leave him or her without the means of paying for treatment.

Perhaps the libertarians were more reasonable in those days, but there were no protests involving the burning of crosses or the brandishing of guns. These laws were not considered controversial. Unfortunately, once on the books, everyone forgot about them and there were no attempts made to revalue the minimum amounts of coverage required. One dollar in 1960 has the buying power of seven dollars today. That’s the power of inflation for you. So when all the costs of medical treatment and repairing vehicles has been rising faster than inflation, most of the original values are still in place. Except, some states are now biting the bullet and revaluing the amounts.

Take Texas as an example. Until 2007, the minimums stood at 20/40/25. Remember, to catch up, the legislature should have multiplied these amounts by 7. But that was considered a bit too radical. So, to avoid upsetting the electorate, it was decided to raise the minimums by 50% and, to soften the blow, the increase was in two stages. The minimums rose to 25/50/25. In January, 2011, they will reach the heights of 30/60/25. This is rather less than the 140/280/175 needed to catch up with inflation but that would have prompted lynchings. Not surprisingly, premium rates have not risen significantly in Texas.

There has been no outcry over this modest increase. This shows the country should have imposed an annual increase in line with inflation from year 1. That way, insurance coverage would have kept pace with costs and served the purpose of the law. We would have considered this cheap car insurance because premium rises would also have matched inflation. By refusing to revalue the amounts, each new set of lawmakers has effectively defeated the original purpose of the law. This is pandering to the electorate so that every year, car insurance quotes come in at the lowest possible figures. This has left millions of injured people paying for their own medical treatment or, where they do not have the funds, leaving it to the taxpayer to pay their bills.

Pain is something that all of us deal with on a regular basis. And when something hurts we rarely tend to think of the purpose we’re experiencing pain, we just want to get rid of it and fast. That’s why we use painkiller drugs, go to a therapist, visit the acupuncture office and use any other pain relief methods that are currently employed by mainstream and alternative medicine. Pain is what makes the medicine industry evolve, because more than a half of all health problems and complications manifest themselves through painful symptoms of different kinds. It could be a simple injury, fracture or more serious health condition like cancer or arthritis – pain is what we pay attention to first, and then start thinking what has caused it.

But what if there was no pain, what would the world be like? Would it be a happier place to live? Despite the common tendency to answer yes, it would definitely be a very strange and dangerous world to live in. Of course, pain is one of the main factors that decreases the quality of life, but it’s also one of the main safety mechanisms we have in our bodies preventing us from doing hazardous things. Imagine that you don’t feel any pain at all, how could you tell that there’s something is wrong with your body? Let’s say that someone has stomach ulcer, how could this person say that he or she is ill, if there was no pain. Everything is fine, but one day the person dies because they didn’t realize they were ill. Even the most obvious risks like fire, cold or hazardous objects (knives, nails, spikes, etc.) would be more hazardous because people wouldn’t realize the potential danger of handling with such objects. That’s exactly what we have pain for – it tells us that there’s a risk to us and something should be done to minimize it.

Of course, that’s a general approach to pain. But when it comes to actually dealing with it things get far from the ideal. Pain is a very serious factor that decreases the quality of life and the ability for a person to perform everyday activities. Even a simple limb injury can make a person unable to work or do simple things for a period of time. And what if the pain is chronic and the person has to cope with it all the time? That’s exactly when pain relief is required.

Pain relief methods are quite varied these days and there’s no universal remedy for all types of pain. Painkiller drugs like Tramadol are usually applied in cases of moderate to severe acute pain. Say, you’ve been hit really hard by a falling chair, or you’re annoyed with a headache that seems to come from your bad tooth. In such a case you can easily eliminate pain with Tramadol. For cases of chronic pain, there are special procedures that are aimed for providing long term relief. Acupuncture is commonly used these days for chronic pain relief on par with electro-magnetic and physical therapy. It usually depends on the actual cause of chronic pain, because in most cases by eliminating the cause, the pain wears off too.



Were you aware that the most common cause of severe or chronic allergies is actually linked to the health of your digestive system. Its been well documented that those with health digestive systems are less prone to allergy production than those who are toxic. Find out in this article what the best cure for allergies is and why it will prove to provide the greatest relief.



Each blood collection situation is unique. A competent phlebotomist must not only possess the technical skills necessary to collect a quality specimen, but must also understand the numerous patient variables, complications, and procedural errors that can affect the integrity of the specimen or the health and safety of the patient to avoid or reduce any negative impact.

Factors Include:
Age
Some physiologic functions such as kidney function decrease with age in adults. For example, creatinine clearance, a kidney function test, is directly related to the age of the patient, which must be used in calculating test results.

Diet
Some laboratory tests are affected by ingestion of certain foods, which must be eliminated from the diet for several days before the test specimen is collected. For example, some methods that detect occult (hidden) blood in stool specimens also detect similar substances in meat and certain vegetables. Therefore a special diet that eliminates these foods must be followed for several days before the specimen is collected.

Fluid intake can also affect blood composition. Excessive fluid intake may cause decreased Hgb levels and alter electrolyte balance. Consumption of caffeine has been demonstrated to affect cortisol levels. Recent alcohol ingestion may also affect test values, especially glucose values.

Altitude
Decreased oxygen content of the air at higher altitudes causes the body to produce more RBC’s to fulfill the body’s oxygen requirements; the higher the altitude, the I greater the increase. Thus RBC counts and related determinations such as hemoglobin (Hgb) and hematocrit (Hct) will have higher normal ranges at higher elevations.

Daily Variations
Many blood constituents exhibit daily variations or normal fluctuations throughout the day. Factors that play a role in daily variations include activity, eating, daylight and darkness, and being awake or asleep. White blood counts, eosinophil counts, and iron levels are lower in the morning than in the afternoon. Cortisol, insulin, potassium, and testosterone levels are highest in the morning. Daily variations can be large. For example, cortisol levels and iron levels can differ by 50% or more between 8 AM and 4 PM.

Dehydration
Dehydration (a decrease in total body fluid) that occurs with persistent vomiting or diarrhea, for example, causes hemconcentration, a condition in which blood components that cannot easily leave the blood stream become concentrated as a result of the smaller plasma volume. Hemconcentration falsely increases some blood components such as RBCs, enzymes, iron, calcium, and sodium. In addition, it is often difficult to obtain a blood specimen from a dehydrated patient.

Fever
Fever affects the levels of a number of hormones. Hypoglycemia caused by fever increases insulin levels followed by a rise in glucagon levels. Fever also increases cortisol levels and may disrupt its normal diurnal variation.

Drug Therapy
Many drugs alter physiologic functions. In most instances, the effect is desired. In some individuals, however, there are unwanted physiologic effects called side effects or sensitivities. For’ example, thiazide diuretics often cause increased calcium levels and may cause low potassium levels. Chemotherapy drugs often cause a decrease in the cells of the blood, especially WBCs and platelets. Numerous drugs are toxic to the liver, causing an increase in liver enzymes such as serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (aspartate transaminase), alkaline phosphatase, and lactate dehydrogenase- (LDH/LD). Steroids and diuretics can cause pancre’atitis and an increase in serum amylase and lipase values.

Drugs may also interfere with the performance of the test in the laboratory, causing false increases or decreases in test results. Many lab test procedures are based on fluorescent, chromogenic (color-producing), peroxide-generating, or reagent-binding reactions. A drug may compete with the test reagents for the substance being tested causing a false-negative or false low result, or the drug may enhance the reaction, causing a false-positive or false high result. An acronym used for substances that interfere with the testing process is CRUD, which stands for “compounds reacting unfortunately as desired.” The College of American Pathologists (CAP) has developed guidelines for reducing interference from drugs that are known to interfere with testing procedures.

Drugs known to interfere with urine testing should be avoided for 48 to 72 hours before urine sample collection. It is up to the physician to recognize or eliminate drug interferences; however, it is helpful to the technician or technologist performing the test in the laboratory if the phlebotomist notes on the lab slip when he or she observes medication being administered just before blood collection.

Smoking
Nicotine affects a number of blood components. The extent of the effect depends upon the number of cigarettes smoked. Patients who smoke before specimen collection may have increased cortisol levels and white blood counts. Chronic smoking often leads to decreased pulmonary function and increased hemoglobin levels.

Exercise
The effect of exercise on blood composition depends upon the duration and intensity of the activity and the physical condition of the patient. However, even moderate muscular activity will elevate levels of a number of blood components, such as lactic acid, creatinine, protein, and certain enzymes. Levels of these substances return to normal soon after the activity is stopped, with the exception of enzymes such as creatine kinase and LDH, which may remain elevated 24 hours or more.

Gender
A patient’s gender or sex has a determining effect on the concentration of numerous blood components. Most differences are apparent only after sexual maturity. Differences are reflected in separate normal values for male and female patients. For example, RBC, Hgb, and Hct normal values are higher for males than females.

Pregnancy
Pregnancy causes physiologic changes in many body systems. Consequently, results of a number of laboratory tests must be compared to normal ranges established for pregnant populations. For example, body fluid increases, which are normal during pregnancy, have a diluting effect on the red blood cells, leading to lower red blood counts.

Stress
Emotional stress in the form of fear or anxiety has been shown to cause short-lived elevations in WBC counts, decreases in serum iron, and increases in adrenal hormone values. For example, studies on crying infants demonstrated marked increases in WBC counts. Counts returned to normal within 1 hour after crying stopped. For this reason, it is best if complete blood count (CBC) or WBC specimens are obtained after the infant has been sleeping or resting quietly for at least 30 minutes. If a specimen is collected while an infant is crying, it should be noted on the report.

The field of psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) deals with the study of interactions between the rain, the endocrine system, and the immune system. PNI studies have demonstrated that receptors on the cell membrane of WBC’s can sense stress in a person and react by stimulating an increase in cell numbers.

Position
A patient’s body position both before and during venipuncture influences blood composition. Going from a supine (lying down on the back) position to standing causes the water or plasma portion of the blood to filter into the tissues, resulting in a decrease in plasma volume and an increase in nonfilterable elements, or substances such as proteins, iron, calcium, and blood cells, that cannot easily pass through the walls of the blood vessels. For example, the RBC count on a patient who has been standing for approximately 15 minutes will be higher than the basal state RBC on the same patient.

Basel State
The ideal time to collect blood from a patient is when the patient is in a basal state.

Basal state is the condition of the body when a patient has refrained from strenuous exercise and has not ingested food or beverage except water for 12 hours (fasting). Collecting a basal state specimen minimizes or eliminates the effects of diet, exercise, and other controllable factors on test results and also provides the ideal specimen for establishing reference ranges or normal values for laboratory tests on inpatients.