Aplastic anemia is an extremely rare disorder in which the ability of the body’s bone marrow to reproduce blood cells has been damaged. The red blood cells which are produced by the bone marrow help carry the oxygen throughout your body as well removing the carbon dioxide from your cells. The white cells are what help us in preventing or fighting off infections while the blood platelets help us by “clotting” or sticking together to stop bleeding.
In an individual who has aplastic anemia, the stem cells of the bone marrow are damaged to the point where they can no longer produce these healthy cells. In this medical guide on Anemia, you will learn symptoms which may be experienced with aplastic anemia and what sometimes causes this disorder.
The Potential Causes of Aplastic Anemia
There are some cases in which aplastic anemia is inherited, however, this is extremely rare and it is typically acquired from various medical conditions which include cancer treatments that utilize chemotherapy and radiation as a form of treatment which not only kills the cancer cells, but also healthy cells including the stem cells within the bone marrow.
This form of anemia can also be caused when an individual is exposed to certain toxins such as pesticides, benzene, and arsenic, as well as when taking certain antibiotic and rheumatoid arthritis medications. Aplastic anemia has also been acquired in some individuals who have had viral infections such as hepatitis, parvovirus B19, HIV, cytomegalovirus, and Epstein-Barr.
Symptoms which may be caused by Aplastic Anemia
The most common symptom associated with aplastic anemia is feeling consistently weak and tired which is caused by an insufficient amount of red blood cells or hemoglobin within the red blood cells which is responsible for the oxygen being carried to the body. This condition can also cause dizziness, headache, shortness of breath, cold hands and feet.
When the white blood cells become low the body is more susceptible to viral infections such as influenza which tends to last longer and occur more frequently than in individuals with a normal blood count. A low platelet count causes an individual to bleed more easily and typically causes frequent nose bleeds, bleeding of the gums, and bleeding which is hard to stop when injured.
Archive for March, 2009
Size, shape amount and relationship with external environment or factors all change as the child grows. Its need for oxygen becomes less, since a more sophisticated respiratory system is also developing as the child grows, the shape and volume on the other hand increases. Such peculiarities in different age groups are very important in hematology.
In new born children
• Smaller than in adults general volume of blood
• Higher than in adults relative blood volume
• Erythrocyte level- 6.7×10^12/L
• Anisocytosis (presence of different forms of RBCs inside vessels)
• Short life of erythrocytes (12-40 days)
• High hemoglobin level- 180-240g/L
• Color index (CI)- 1.1-1.3 (degree of saturation of Hemoglobin in one erythrocyte)
• Level of HbF- 60-70%
• Erythrocyte sedimentation rate- 0.2mm/jour
• Leucocytosis- 11.33×10^9/L
• Presence of extra-medullar sources of hemopoiesis.
In infants
• Decreasing of Hemoglobin level to 120-110g/l
• Erythrocyte level decreases to 4-3.5×10^12/l
• Color index is ofen less than 1.0 (0.8-0.7)
• Leucocytosis (10-12×10^9/l) appears after adding new food in menu, during crying after strong emotions
• First cross of WBC count at 5 days of age
• Thrombocytes have gigantic forms
• Monocytosis 9-11%
• Reticulocyte count is up to 10%
Peculiarities of blood in children Older than 1 year
• Increasing of Hemoglobin level to 130-140g/l up to 15 years
• Erythrocyte level is 4.5-5.0×10^12/l
• Reticulocytes are about 0.5-5%
• Leucocytes level is 7-9×10^9/l
• Second white blood cross in 5 years of age.
Patient complaints and methods of physical examination
Disorders of hematological system as a rule give a lot of complaints, which are common to other systems. But there are some weighty clinical signs that directly show on blood disorders. They are;
• Hemorrhage (bleeding)
• Hematoma
• Enlargement of lymph nodes
• Pallor
• Ossalgia (pain in bones)
The other complaints are hyperthermia, often headaches, dizziness, light-headaches, slowed thought processes, decreased attention span, apathy, shortness of breaths, easy fatigability. During taking health history detail, the information about appearance of all symptoms, there changes, date of last blood count, blood type, recent transfusions, take careful diet history to identify any deficiencies, evidence of pica-eating clay, ice, paste. In young children pay attention to obstetric and perinatal history. Accurate family history taking can give the information about cases of sickle cell disease of hemophilia in relatives.
During visual inspection, detect evidence for;
1. prolonged bleeding anywhere from or in the body, its intensity and duration
2. skin color
• paleness: waxy pallor can be seen in severe anemia, quick development of paleness is evidence of profuse inner bleeding,
• Jaundice (yellowish discoloration of skin); bright yellow or orange in case of indirect hyperbilirubinemia, greenish or muddy yellow in conjugated (direct);
• Cherry red in polycytemia
3. Skin rash (macula, petechia, purpura, teleangiectasis, haemorrahge, ecchymosed (bruise), haematoma, and hemarthrosis).
4. Enlarged lymph nodes
5. Protrusion of the abdomen (hepatosplenomegaly)
6. Edema
Palpation and percussion can give the information about sizes, shape, consistency, painfulness and mobility of liver, spleen and lymph nodes.
Exclusive to paying members of Wealthy Affiliate is the official forum where you can ask fellow forum members (or Wealthy Affiliates) questions about some of the services and tools which are offered on the website and the best ways to utilise them.
The forum can be found when you log in at Wealthy Affiliate and according to one user is very low on filler posts and very high on good-quality, informative posts which can help when you are starting out on the scheme.
One of most notable parts of the forum, which is plugged heavily on the homepage of the website, is the self-styled success forum. Here, users share their successful experiences with the Wealthy Affiliate scheme and of significant milestones they have achieved if they are new.
Some of the topics that have been seen on the success forum include ‘I made my first sale after only THREE DAYS!!!’ and ‘my first $400 day!’ Some people have said how inspiring and how motivating it is to see other people who are enjoying success using the same scheme as they are.
However, the forum has been proven to offer a lot more to users. Even though the Wealthy Affiliate homepage explains how there are many different tutorials and guides at a user’s disposal if they are relatively new to the scheme, it is on the forum that new businesspeople have the opportunity to get personalised help with any dilemmas they may have and multiple opinions on a topic if they are rather indecisive over what they should do.
In addition, one particular part of the forum is a self-styled marketplace where trading of skills is particularly active. One of the key features of Wealthy Affiliate is free web hosting if you are a business that is trying to get a marketing campaign off the ground. On the forum, you can get the services of fellow Wealthy Affiliates, whether you need a few search-engine optimised articles of content for your website or an element of your website tweaking. Likewise, you may even find the forum could be an opportunity to sell your skills if you have something that you may be able to offer to the community.
All in all, the forum is a great place if you want to get the inside story of these positively successful scheme. With many users who have gone through the same experiences that you have, you could find that there are a few handy tips that could see you earn a lot more than you expect. Ensuring that you are an active member and that you get yourself known on the forum can help you to make friends and could even see you be able to pull in a few favours and establish some positive business relationships.
The forum is one of the main hubs for communication at Wealthy Affiliates. For the many people who have gone through the process of paying to become a member, it has been one of the assuring places where they can be sure that they do not need to go it alone.
The drug rehab facility has several phases which are specially designed according to the various aspects of addiction and the life of the addict in general. Stress is laid to approach the problem in individualized manner and not in a group system. There are various steps that are briefly described. First, the program tries to assist the addict to stop the drug use and also assures that minimum discomfort is faced by him during the withdrawal. A proper dietary care is also provided where a nutritious meal full of vitamins and minerals is given to the abuser.
The next step is to help the addict communicate better with his environment and with his fellow people. This helps him to talk freely with other persons in same condition and adapt to the new atmosphere. The other important phase of the drug rehabilitation program aims at detoxification of the abuser of the toxins from his body. The residue of the toxins remain sealed in the fatty tissues of the addict for long time even after he has stopped the drug use. These cause cravings beyond the control of the addict and therefore urgently required to be removed from his body.
For this, he is required to follow exercise routine, followed by sauna and a nutritious supplement. The next and the most important phase of the program is to impart a knowledge about the condition the addict is currently in and make him realize it so that he is able to overcome the barriers in a much better way.
Megaloblastic anemia is an anemic condition which is caused by a deficiency in folic acid, vitamin B12 or a combination of the two. When the human body is lacking these substances the bone marrow is unable to produce healthy or normal red blood cells and produces red blood cells which are immature and larger than normal cells.
These cells also tend to die earlier than the one hundred and twenty days which healthy red blood cells normally live. This results the condition of anemia due to an insufficient amount of red cells in the body which are needed to distribute oxygen throughout our body.
Potential Causes of Megaloblastic Anemia
Megaloblastic anemia can be caused by numerous conditions that result in the folic acid or vitamin B12 deficiency in the body. Alcoholism can be one of those conditions as alcohol interferes with the foliate metabolism in the liver which can deplete the body of folic acid. The most common cause of megaloblastic anemia in children is a vitamin deficiency.
Other common causes of this anemia are due to digestive problems which prevent the body from absorbing a sufficient amount these vitamins as well as certain medications which interfere with the absorption of folic acid. A folic acid deficiency is also common during pregnancy which can cause the mother to become anemic as well as the newborn baby. In some cases this condition during pregnancy may result in a birth defect which is called spina bifida.
Treatment of Megaloblastic Anemia
Treatment typically consists of taking supplements of folic acid or the B12 vitamin as well as treating any underlying digestive problems which may be causing the deficiency. These supplements are taken until the vitamins reach a sufficient level in the body which is typically within three months time.
There are many foods which contain folic acid as well such as oranges, liver, rice, green leafy vegetables, and wheat germ. Foods which contain vitamin B12 include poultry, dairy products, fortified cereals, and shellfish.
An ovulation prediction calculator and kit can be purchased at any store, large retail shops or drug stores. They are great for women who want to have something more than a typical calculator, like the online ovulation calculator, since these kits include an ovulation test as well; it is a simple urine test that can show you if you are ovulating or not.
These kits are pretty useful and accurate, but the problem is that they are rather costly, especially if you intend to use them frequently. They cost approximately 30-40$, so it might not be a great idea for a monthly check.
Another ovulation calculator and predictor is the saliva microscope, which is a small tube with a light and a lens. You place a small amount of saliva on the lens and they can show you if you are ovulating or not. The method followed here is the observation of the estrogens that are usually increased just before and during the ovulation. The main drawback of this method is that unless you are familiar with what you see, you won’t be able to use them effectively.
Of course there are less technical and complex methods to predict your ovulation. One of them is using an ovulation calculator and chart. Charting requires some amount of work on your behalf, since you need to write down and record dates and figures every month, for several months at least. The point is to record the processes and ovulation symptoms or dates, so as to understand the functions of your body. Most women are not in that close touch with their body, that is why sometimes fail to understand what is going on inside them.
Once you get the hang of the ovulation calendar, you can combine the results with a calculator which you can find online for free. The results of combined methods are the most reliable, usually, for all women.
Everybody seems to want to talk about removing the pollution from the air, and reducing our CO2 footprint. The air pollution is only one problem, what about water pollution? Why are we always talking about green, when we also need blue? Why can’t green and blue go together? Any time we talk about green initiatives we should be talking about how this helps our fresh water supplies, or prevents pollution runoff into our oceans.
Water is a serious subject and one that does not get enough attention. Obviously, we want clean air to breathe, and we want to keep the very vocal group of global warming alarmists at bay, but if we don’t have clean water to drink, all is lost. Not long ago, I was talking to a green residential building specialist about this topic, and she believes that the LEEDs certifications for residential and commercial buildings should include stipulations for conservation of water, and good uses of water resources. Indeed, I couldn’t agree more.
It is interesting that people are taking such a personal interest in alternative energy, and a green lifestyle, and is even more fascinating that they have latched onto the global warming scare as some sort of religion. As far as I’m concerned, it makes sense to clean the air, but we don’t have to scare ourselves into thinking we’re all going to die.
But, as long as we are talking about cleaning the air, we need to talk about water recycling, desalination, water retention, water conservation, water filtration, and the cleaning of our rivers, tributaries, lakes, and the oceans of the world. Indeed, it is my hope that when you talk to me about green initiatives that you will make me blue too. Please consider all this.
Hair loss has become a common problem these days. Both men & women face same problem. There are several reasons for this. People tend to take a good amount of stress. Stress plays a major role in hair loss. Using harsh elements such as shampoos, hair dye, straightening machines and chemicals also result in hair loss. According to experts, each one of us lose about 50-100 hairs on a daily basis.
It is very important to take preventive measures immediately before it is too late.
Here are some super tips to prevent hair loss:
a) Avoid stress
You should avoid stress. People suffering from extreme stress will experience a good amount of hair loss. It is very important to distress your life if you really want to prevent hair loss. Make sure that you get a good amount of sleep or eat the right diet. Exercise will also work wonders for you to get rid of work related stress.
b) Stay away from chemical products
Hair suffers damage from chemical based hair products. You need to stop using such products. Avoid getting your hair dyed frequently. Excessive use of hair spray gel or mousse can damage your hair and it finally leads to hair loss. You must switch over to hair products that are derived from natural ingredients such as sage, rosemary and aloe Vera.
c) Be gentle to your hair
Most people go for frequent hair dying sessions and complicated hair styles that include using hair straightening machines, chemical gels and serums. This deteriorates the quality of hair and even harms hair follicles. If you seriously want to prevent your hair, you should stop being cruel to your hair. Treat your hair gently.
d) Family history
Try to know your family history. Loss of hair may also be hereditary. Men usually suffer from male pattern baldness. This condition is often hereditary. In case, you have a family history of hair loss, take special care of your hair at an early stage. Don’t wait for the condition to become worse.
e) Speak to a hair loss expert
You should seek professional help from a trichologist once you start noticing remarkable hair loss pattern. The expert will provide you some good information on dietary changes and lifestyle changes that you need to make in order to prevent hair loss.
f) Eat healthy
You need to focus on eating healthy when it comes to preventing hair loss. Vitamin A and E can prevent hair loss. Have a lot of fresh fruits & vegetables to prevent hair loss.
g) Use satin pillow
Using satin pillow cases will help causing less friction and prevent hair loss.
h) Hair massage
A hot oil massage will increase flow of blood in your body and prevent hair loss.
i) Change hairstyle
Avoid using accessories. Don’t tie tight ponytails or pull your hair harder.
j) Blood test
You can go for a blood test to check your hemoglobin count. Lack of hemoglobin in your blood will result in hair loss. Go for the best treatment once a disease is detected.
Nobody wants to get the flu and have to endure the pain and discomfort of its symptoms. So, out of fear, every time the ‘flu season’ comes around, many people do not need to be persuaded to get a seasonal flu shot. Of course, there is no guarantee that getting a flu shot will prevent the symptoms, but you always hope for the best and feel safer after getting the vaccine.
Now despite the fact that I tend to be squeamish about getting any kind of needle, I still prefer to take alternative preventive measures as a defense against the flu, rather than take the risk of getting a vaccine with possible side effects that I would rather not even think about, so dangerous are they!
1. Dress Warm
Dressing warm is obvious and makes sense, especially in colder climates. Shivering and tension from cold decreases circulation in your body and reduces your chances of keeping away cold and flu viruses. So dress for the weather — gloves, scarf, a warm coat or jacket, one that is wind proof, and keep your legs and feet warm, even if that means wearing extra socks and long johns!
2. Avoid Stress
Everyone knows, or should know, that stress causes a host of problems, including heart disease and ulcers — there are plenty of statistics that prove it. Stress in any form should be avoided at all times but especially when there is a higher risk of catching colds and flu viruses, such as during cold, winter months. Forms of stress include emotional, financial, physical and mental. Physical stress includes excessive drinking, smoking and exhaustive exercise. A form of physical stress that is not given enough attention is the stress of pollution — air pollution, chemicals in foods and cosmetics. If you must venture into highly polluted environments, wear a mask.
3. Prevent Contact
Making direct contact with a virus is something you don’t want to do. Here are some suggestions:
a) Wash your hands frequently, especially after using the bathroom, coughing or sneezing, or touching surfaces that may have been contaminated by other people.
b) After using a public bathroom, wash your hands and use a paper towel on door handles instead of your bare hands. The person or persons before you may have contaminated the door handles.
c) Do not touch surfaces in public areas with your bare hands, such as handle bars in public transportation vehicles. Use gloves.
d) Wear a mask in high density areas, medical clinics, hospitals and other public places where there is a high risk of contacting viruses.
e) Remember, out of respect for others, to cover your mouth and nose when you cough or sneeze. Use a tissue or, if you do not have one, your sleeve. Wash your hands and dispose of the tissue soon after.
In the home, disinfect air, clothes and bedding using a natural, essential oil and vodka based spray. Here is one formula: to a 4 oz spray bottle, fill half and half with distilled water and vodka, and add a natural fragrance and deodorant, eg 10 drops each of sandalwood and lavender essential oils. Shake the bottle well before using.
4. Maintain a Good Diet
Maintain a balanced, healthy diet. This could mean anything from a vegetarian diet to a ‘meat ‘n potatoes’ diet. The important thing here is common sense and not deprive your body of vital energy by eating too little, especially during the colder months of the year.
As far as what constitutes a good diet, what to eat and what to avoid, there are as many opinions on this as there are foods available! So I’m only going to suggest one of each.
a) to consume — Garlic — an ancient remedy to ward off bugs and evil spirits — I know it can keep away people, it just might work to keep away viruses! If you don’t like Caesar salad or roasted garlic on your pizza, you can always take odorless garlic pills.
b) to avoid — Sugar — eaten in moderation is not a problem, but excessive amounts of sugar in your diet has been shown to lower immunity.
5. Relax
Do not underestimate the value of relaxation. Most of us are so busy that many consider spending time just relaxing as a waste of time, yet it is one of the most important and effective things you can do to offset the stress that continuous busy-ness tends to create. And I’m not talking here about relaxing while watching TV or having a nap, but setting aside at least 30 minutes a day to consciously relax the whole body, especially the neck area. Stop doing, clear your mind of all thoughts, while sitting, lying down or going for a short walk around the block. Or, if you are so inclined, try meditating.
6. Take Food Supplements
If your diet consists mostly of foods that are lacking in nutritional value, with little or no vitamin and mineral content, I suggest taking supplements such as vitamin C, multi-vitamins, mineral drinks, herbal teas etc. There is no shortage of these in health food stores.
7. Avoid Physical Exhaustion
Being in a state of exhaustion invites being smitten with flu viruses. Avoid fatigue, get enough sleep and take care when exercising. If you do strenuous workouts at the gym, do a lot of work around your house or apartment, rake leaves, shovel snow etc. make sure you take frequent breaks and never push yourself to the limit. Never go out while you are physically exhausted!
Take the above measures seriously and you will be less susceptible to cold and flu viruses.








